# Automated Vehicle Prototype with Preprogrammed Path For Automated Vehicle Prototype with Preprogrammed Path Following \ Prepared By: Shammah Nei Project Name: Automated Vehicle Prototype Date Prepared: 13/08/2024 ## 1. Project Overview Project Title: Automated Vehicle Prototype Project Duration: Four weeks Project Team: Project Manager - Shammah Nei Hardware Specialist - Emmanuel Enebili (Innovator) #### OBJECTIVES * To design and build a basic automated vehicle prototype that can follow preprogrammed paths. * To demonstrate the feasibility of low-cost automated vehicles using readily available components. * To create a foundation for further development in autonomous vehicle technology #### SCOPE * Development of an automated vehicle capable of following predefined paths. * Integration of basic obstacle detection using ultrasonic sensors. * Implementation of a simple control system using Arduino. * Basic testing in a controlled environment. ## 2. Project Plan * Timeline: 3 weeks Milestones: * Week 1: Component acquisition. * Week 2: Completion of vehicle chassis assembly and basic electronics. Completion of motor control and basic path programming. * Week 3: Integration of obstacle detection. * Week 4: Final testing, documentation, and project presentation Resource Allocation: * Hardware Components: Sourcing and assembly - Emmanuel Enebili * Software Development: Coding and testing - Emmanuel Enebili Risk Management: * Component Failure: Maintain a stock of spare components. * Power Issues: Use stable power supplies and check battery health regularly. * Programming Errors: Implement version control and thorough testing. Estimated Costs: * L298N Dual H Bridge DC Stepper Motor Driver: $3 - $5 (4,800 NGN - 8,000 NGN) * Arduino Uno: $10 - $25 (16,000 NGN - 40,000 NGN) * 4 Wheel Drive Robotic Car Chassis: $10 - $20 (16,000 NGN - 32,000 NGN) * HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor: $2 - $4 (3,200 NGN - 6,400 NGN) * SG90 Servo Motor: $2 - $5 (3,200 NGN - 8,000 NGN) * Jumper Wire Set (Male to Female): $3 - $5 (4,800 NGN - 8,000 NGN) * Soldering Iron: $10 - $20 (16,000 NGN - 32,000 NGN) * Soldering Lead: $2 - $5 (3,200 NGN - 8,000 NGN) * Lipo Battery (4): $20 - $50 (32,000 NGN - 80,000 NGN) * 20W Hot Melt Glue Gun: $5 - $10 (8,000 NGN - 16,000 NGN) * Glue Candle Stick (2): $1 - $3 (1,600 NGN - 4,800 NGN) * SFM-27 Electronic Buzzer (1): $1 - $2 (1,600 NGN - 3,200 NGN) Total Estimated Cost: 110,400 NGN - 246,400 NGN ## 3. Requirements Functional Requirements: * The vehicle must follow a preprogrammed path accurately. * The vehicle should avoid obstacles detected by the ultrasonic sensor. * The system should allow for easy reprogramming of the path. * Power management should be efficient to maximize operational time. ## 4. Design Documentation System Architecture: * Control Unit: Arduino Uno * Motor Driver: L298N Dual H Bridge for controlling the motors * Sensors: HC-SR04 for obstacle detection * Power Supply: Lipo batteries * Actuators: DC motors and SG90 Servo Motor for directional control UI/UX Designs: * Basic user interface (if applicable) for entering and adjusting the vehicle's path. * LCD or LED indicators to show the vehicle's status (optional). API Documentation: * Not applicable for this basic prototype, unless integrating with external systems. ## 5. Development Process Development Methodology: * Agile Development Methodology with weekly sprints for iterative progress. Sprint Planning: * Sprint 1 (Week 1): Component assembly and initial system setup. * Sprint 2 (Week 2): Basic motor control and path programming. * Sprint 3 (Week 3): Sensor integration and obstacle detection. * Sprint 4 (Week 4): Final testing and adjustments. Code Repository: * Hosted on GitHub ([ril/hermes](https://github.com/Renaissance-Innovation-Labs/hermes)) * Repository includes code for motor control, path programming, and sensor handling. Technical Specifications: * Microcontroller: Arduino Uno with ATmega328P * Motors: 4 DC motors with L298N driver * Sensors: HC-SR04 ultrasonic sensor * Power: 4 x Lipo batteries, 7.4V 1000mAh * Control Software: C++ (Arduino IDE) * Chassis: 4-wheel drive with custom mounts for sensors and controllers ## 6. Project Outcomes Final Deliverables: * A fully functional automated vehicle prototype. * Source code and technical documentation. * Test reports and performance data. Performance Metrics: * Accuracy in following preprogrammed paths (within 5 cm deviation). * Obstacle detection and avoidance rate (95% success rate). * Battery life during continuous operation (1 hour minimum). * Client Feedback: TBD ## 7. Lessons Learned * Challenges Faced: TBD * Solutions Implemented: TBD * Best Practices: TBD ## 8. Real-Life Use Cases Warehouse Automation: * Use Case: Automated Guided Vehicles (AGVs) for transporting goods along predefined paths. * Benefits: Increases efficiency, reduces human labor, and minimizes errors. Smart Agriculture: * Use Case: Autonomous farming vehicles for tasks like planting, watering, or harvesting. * Benefits: Enhances precision, reduces manual labor, and increases productivity. Factory Floor Material Handling: * Use Case: Automated vehicles for moving raw materials or finished products between production stages. * Benefits: Streamlines production, reduces manual handling, and minimizes accidents. Automated Delivery Systems: * Use Case: Small autonomous vehicles for delivering goods within campuses or urban environments. * Benefits: Reduces the need for human delivery personnel, offers contactless delivery, and can operate 24/7. Healthcare and Hospital Logistics: * Use Case: Autonomous vehicles for transporting medical supplies, meals, or medications. * Benefits: Frees up healthcare staff, reduces contamination risk, and ensures timely delivery. Search and Rescue Operations: * Use Case: Autonomous vehicles for search and rescue missions in disaster areas. * Benefits: Operates in hazardous environments, covers large areas efficiently, and provides real-time data. Autonomous Surveillance and Patrolling: * Use Case: Vehicles for patrolling areas like military bases or industrial sites. * Benefits: Enhances security through constant monitoring, reduces the need for human guards. Educational Tools: * Use Case: Use in schools and universities as an educational tool for robotics and automation. * Benefits: Provides hands-on learning, fosters innovation, and helps understand complex concepts. Construction and Mining Operations: * Use Case: Vehicles for transporting materials or performing repetitive tasks. * Benefits: Enhances safety, increases efficiency, and allows precise control of machinery. Autonomous Cleaning Robots: * Use Case: Vehicles for cleaning large facilities like airports or shopping malls. * Benefits: Ensures consistent cleaning, reduces labor costs, and can operate unsupervised. Indoor Navigation Systems: * Use Case: Vehicles for guiding visitors in large buildings like airports or hospitals. * Benefits: Enhances visitor experience and reduces the need for staff. Automated Event Management: * Use Case: Vehicles for distributing materials, transporting equipment, or providing mobile kiosks. ## 9. Appendices * Additional Documentation:
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